What do we do when we want to talk about things that we do not know the names of? We say, " this thing, " " that one," and so forth. In Japanese, we use kore, sore, and are.
それは さんぜんえんです That is 3000 yen.
·
これ
refers to a thing that is close to you, the speaker. (this thing
here)
· それ is something that is close to the person you are talking to (that thing in front of you)
· あれ refers to a thing that is neither close to the speaker nor the listener (that one over there)
There is also an expression どれ " which «. Here we will learn to
use どれ in sentences like:
Question words like どれ and なに cannot be followed by the particle は instead, you must
use the particle が and say:
どれが あなたの ペン ですか？ Which one is your pen？
この/その/あの/どの
If you want to be slightly more specific
than これ, それ, and あれ, you can use この, その, and あの together with
a noun.
※Note here that the re series must always stand alone, while the no series must always be followed by a noun.
これは いくらですか？ How much is this?
You can say:
このとけいは いくらですか？ How much is this watch?
Similarly, if you are talking about a watch
the is held by the person are talking to, you can say:
そのとけいは 3000えんです That watch
is 3000 yen.
あのとけいは 3000えんです That watch over
there is 3000 yen.
どのとけいが 3000えんですか？ Which
watch is 3000 yen？
To summarize:
|
これ （は） |
この noun （は） |
close to the person speaking |
|
それ （は） |
その noun （は） |
close to the person listening |
|
あれ （は） |
あの noun （は） |
far from both people |
|
どれ （が） |
どの noun （が） |
unknown |
ここ/そこ/あそこ/どこ
We will learn just one more ko-so-a-do set. ここ/そこ/あそこ/どこ
|
ここ |
Here, near me |
|
そこ |
There, near you |
|
あそこ |
Over there |
|
どこ |
Where |
You can ask for direction by saying:
すみません、えきは どこですか？ Excuse me. Where is the station?
If you are close by, you can point toward
the station and say:
Exercises
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